Carburetor



E, G HODGES IR.

CARBURETOR Original Filed July 5. 1918 INVENTOR. Edward E.I-1:: dqas BYv D TORNEY.

-40 when the engine is operatin Reieeued Julyl, 1924.

UNITED STATES I Re. 15,869

nnwann a. nonens, or mnwanm, WISCONSIN.-

GABBURETOB.

Original Io. 1,330,094, dated Iebrnary a, 1920', Serial No. 243,192,filed m a, 1910. Application to:

' relnne filed October 12, 1921. Serial Io. 607,868. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 'IfEnwARn G; Honors, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Milwaukee in the county of Milwaukee and 6 State ofWisconsin, have invented new and useful Im rovements in Carburetors, ofwhich the ollowing is. a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements incarburetors for in- 10 ternal combustion engines, and has for one.

of its objects to provide a carburetor of the type in which the fuelcontent of the combustible mixture increases as the load 'on the engineincreases and decreases as the load onthe engine decreases, the enginebeing sup-- plied as near as possible aconstant volume of air andthequantity of'fuel mixed withthe air being varied in coordination with theload on'the engine. The usual practice in overning or controlling anengine operate at varying speeds and loads-is to supply the engine asnear as possible with" a constant proportion of fuel; in relation toair, the volume of which is 5 varied according to theeng ne load. Insome cases, it is sought to supp y the engine a greater proportionoffu'el .inrelation to airwhen, the engine load condition is lighterthan that sup lied when theengine is operatin under a eavy loadcondition. 's situation is true in practically all carburetors now ingeneral use on engines that necessarily operate at all variations in'sgeed and load conditions as a very small as v lume of air and,aicomparatively rich proportion of fuel constitute the combustiblemixturetfor the light and no load conditions.

In automotivevehicleathe no-load condition exists during a large portionof the time as at high speed with the-throttle valve close as in thecase when the vehicle is drifting' Under this condition each en 'necharge is highly impre nated with inc and poor combustion resu ts .46due to the fuel and air being. poorl atom-' ized and'on account of thevery smal charge andconsequent low compression.

Consequently,. under no-load condition,

considerable damage results, there is a comload condition.

plete loss of all the fuel used, formation of considerable carbondeposits which creates excess heat that must'be cooled and furthermore aportion of the unburnt fuel often times enters the crank case past thepiston rings and thus renders the lubricating oil less eflicient.

to air is varied according to the engine load. I I

In so doing it is found that much more plewer is obtained from the sameamount of el used. It is also found that the "engine will turn over morefreely; while in the no- I By allow ng a volume of air to enter thecylinders there is a constant compression in engine. which eliminates acompressionconditioninthe e ch'an d to a vacuum condition. It will beplainy understood that byallowing a comression in engine during theno-load' conmen the engine and its load will 0 rate on the stored upenergy for a muc dition.

It is another object of this invention, to

back pressure which must exist when the e is longer .periodthan would bethe case-if the engine I compression was changed to a vacuum conprovidea carbureting device whereby a maximum rich mixture is'supplied theengine while under the 1 maximum load condition and in-which the,roportion of fuel to air is decreased as t e engine conditionapproaches what may be termed the no-load condition in which the vehicleis or moving under its ownmomentum. When the engine is operating underthe no-load condition it is t en highly desirable that a substantialvolume of air only enter the engine cylinders in orderthat no combustionwill take placeand that the air entering the cylinder serve primarily asa cooling device. With this invention this desired condition isobtained, thus producing a carburetor which will assure thesmoothoperation of an indrifting of the rinciples thereof,-and'in which:

combustion engine under ditions- 'theair suppl rality of con uitscommunicating with the 8 all load con- A more specific object of thisinvention is to rovide a carburetor having a mixin cham r provided witha throttle valve an fuel supply meansfand air supply means commumcatingwith the mixing chamber,

means consisting of. a pluchamber on opposite si thro valve. 4 With theabove and other objectsin view which will appear as the descriptionprocoeds, my invention resides: in the novel construction, combinationand. arrangement of s of the parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed and more particularly defined b the appended claims, it being.understoo that such changes in the noise embodimentof thehereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of theclaims.

In the-accompanying drawin -I have illustrated one complete examp e ofthe physical embodiment of my invent on con-- structed according tothebest mode I have so far devised for the practical applicationdrawing, 1 have used the reference numera 10to indicate gen eralizyl whia hollow shell, the upper portion of forms a mixing chamber of thecarburetor. a g

Adjacent to the carburetor shell 10 is an ordina float chamber 11' towhich .fuel is supp 'ed by means of the tube 12 In the carburetor casing10 is an ordinary fuel nozzle 13, and anordinary needle valve 14 isrovided for regulating the discharge of fu from the nozzle 13; It willbe understood, of course, that thenozzle 13 commu'nicates with the floatchamber or fupl e interior of the carburetor casing adjacent to thedisc'har end ofthe. nozzle 18 referablyhas the enturi tube shape.

ommunicating with the lower I rtioniof thecarburetor casing10 is an'orary air p or tube" 15.-. "Spaced above the discharge nozzle 13'is athrottlevalve 16 which may! ow ted from the dash or' other-. wlseman IAbove e vs 16 is afuel butterfly valve '19'forming a choke interiorof-the tube 18.

Ody

ture passage 17. for conducting the fuel mix ture to the intake manifoldto thejengine Commumcatgifilith the fuel mixture pas- 17 is an a 'aryairtubeor p the tube '15 is substantially mounted a valve. ,When thevalve 19 is inits ordinary closed or normal position it is extendeddirectly across thetube15. 'In the tube 18 is another butterfly valve 20adapted -to coast,

that Ivyhn seated it is extended diagonaly across the with a seat 21 andso arran On the-stem 22 of the valve 19'is arm 23, and on the stem ofthe=valve 20 is an arm. 25.-

Preferably" iormii inigrii with the 1 ,1-.

r rtion of the fuel mixture pass '7 1s a racket 26 on'which is formed. aing 27 for an u right 'v'e'rnor "shaft 28. The upright sha Above the.bearing 27 shaft 28 a collar 30 to which are pivoted opposite u wardlyextending -arms'31 which are secur device.

Spaced above the balls 32is a collar slidably mounted on the shaft28 and,connected with the balls 32 by On the collar 33 is formed a grooved hubor-the like 35. On the fuel supply passa 17 is another bracket or arm 36on whic is centrally One end of t e bell crank lever 37 extends into thegroove of the hub 35, as illustrated in thedrawin'gl. w I f Pivot'ed tot e other end of the bellcrank lever 36, is a link 38 which extendstoward and is pivoted-to the'a'rm 25 0f the valve stem 24 b means of apin or the like 39.

The lin 38 has a series o f openings. 4 0

for selectively receiving the 'in 39. 1 The arm 25 also hasa series ofopenin for receiving said pin 39. By selectivey v mounting the pin 39 indifierent o'ppnings 40 and 41 t e relative movement oft e arm 25 and thevalve20 with relation to the governor ma be adjusted andregulated.

Pivota y mountedinthe pm 39 is alink 42 which .is also pivotally';onnected with the arm 25 by means ofa pin 43 selectively mounted-in oneof a lurality of holes 44 in the link It w' be seen thatby selec'tivelymountintgthe ,pin 43-in different holes '44 and by adjustment of the pin39 above referred to, the-relative movement of the valve 19with'relation to the governor device may be regulated and the relativemovement of the valves 20 and 19 with relation to'each other may beregulated as des red.

28 is esignedto beconnectedby a flexible shaft 29 with a isubstan"tially moving part ofthe engine on which the carburetor 1s used. v f ithere is'fixedto'the to the balls 32 ofthegovernor ivoted a bell cranklever 37.

Ill

collar 30 is screw-threaded at nd on'said screw-threaded portions arelock nuts 46.

Between the up er nut 46 and the collar 33 is a spring 47 w 'ch normallytends tohold the collar 33 in its, raised position for thereby holdingthe bellcrank lever 37, in such position as to close the valves 20 and19.

In the practical operation .of my. improved carburetor the carburetor sinstalled on the engine in the ordinary way and the tube 12 isconnected, with a suitable source of fuel supply. 7

The flexible shaft 29 is opera-tively connected with some moving part ofthe engine. The fuel mixture p e 17 is connected with the intake manifod, andzthe device is then ready for use. g f I In such practical use ofmy improved carburetor, the parts are ori inally so set that the valves19 and 20 will normally-be held in their closed position as illustratedin the drawing.

The position of the valves just described is that which they shouldassume when the engine is being started or is run at low speed. I

the speed of the engine increases the balls 32 will tend. to vbe thrownoutwardly by centrifugal force and'draw the collar 1y, therebycontrolling the bell" crank lever 37 for movingthe links 38 and 43downwa 42 for opening the valves 20 and 19.

It will be noted that the arm 23 is shorter than the arm 25, so that theopenin' movement of the valve 19 is more rapid t an the opening movementof the valve 20.-

I, 19, sufiicient air isvsupp V vIt ayv that the-valve 19 is of suchsize as to allow the passage of a certain amount of; air even when thevalve 19 is in its closed position, shown in the drawings, so thatsuflicient air is admitted to the carburetor for starting and running atvery slow speed; i

In the description and, drawin Ihave illustrated an' ordinary centrifuga.or .ball

tion, an-opening of the throttle valve to increase the engine speedcreates a hi h vacuum at the fuel nozzle, as a result o which thedesired volume of fuel is supplied the engine for the extra load placedthereon. By reason of the openingi surrounding valve mixture upon theopening of the throttle valve.

As the enginejspeed increases, valves 19 volume of air supplied thecombustible mixture. With the engine operating under the 1 light loadconditionia closingof the throttle be mentioned in this connection thatad the combustible busti'ble mixture'to insure the eflicient opera/-tion oftheengine.

When the engine is operated under no-load condition, as in the case of avehicle. when drifting and turning the en 'ne over, air

only is supplied the en 'ne w en the throttle valve is closed, as t evalves 19 and'20" will be retained in open position propor- 3 to thespeed f th nfi i he entering the engine cylinders t rough cone duit 18.I With the engine operating under this no-load condition,an openingof-the' y supply fuel to the air in the proper proportion .t 1p,

necessary.

throttle valve will immediate ply the engine with themixture for stroncombustion. 1

Fromt e foregoing description taken in j connection with e accompan ingdrawings itwill be readily .obvious to t ose skilled in the art to whichan invention of this charac ter appertains that the pro ortion of fuel 7to air is coordinated with t 1e engine .load,

in that, with the throttle 16'at a predeter v mined setting, a decreasein the; engine speed, due to an increase in the load .or

stress at the engine pistons, will result; in the .closing movement ofthe air valves .19 g Y and 20 and the supplying to the engine" of aricher combustiblemi'xture. p What I claim as my invention is 1. Acarburetor for internal combustion supply means in said chamber, saidthrottle ve and fuel supply means being :positioned intermediate thepoints of oommuni-. cation of said conduits with chamber.

2. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixingchamber, air.

the mixing conduits communicating with said chamber,

valves in said conduits, means for moving saidvvalves toward openposition as, the en-" gine speed increases and toward closed position asthe en 'ne speed decreases, a throttle valve, an fuel supply means insupply means being positioned intermediate con uits with themixingchamber, whereby movement of the throttle valve toward 0 n sition 'willincrease the proportion of y el in relation to air and a movement towardclosed position will decrease the proportion of fuel in relation to air."and 20 open proportionately to increase the -3. A carburetorforfinternal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber, air

said chamber, said throttle valve and fuel the oints of communication oftwo of said duits for supplying air'to the'mix1ngcham-- enginev speedincreases and toward closed sitlon 88 the engines d decreases,and a fuelsupply means, said fuel supply means discharging into the: chamberintermediate the oints of communication of two of said Y con uits withthe mixing chamber,,the parts being so constructed and arranged thatupon f an increase in theload on the engine the throttle valve therein,means for supplying fuel to said chamber, a plurality o conber one .ofsaid 5 conduits communicati with said chamber between the throttle valveand-the discharge end of said chamber, a control valve in each of said"con.- duits, and automatically operable means for actuating saidconduit control valves to vary the volume of air passing therethrou h,said conduit control valves being norma y held in a substantially-closedposition by said automatically operable means while the engine isoperating at minimum speed and' moved toward open position by saidautomatically operab e means as the speed of the engine increases.

5. A carburetor for internal combustion 'chamber,' a

fuel to said chamber, a plurality conduits for supplying" air to themixmg chamher, the fuel from said supply means and the air from saidconduits being commingled to form the engine combustible mixture, one

of said conduits communicating with the mixing chamber between itsdischarge end and said throttle valve, and automatically actuated valves'in said conduits for varyin the volume of air passing therethrough, sai

automaticall' actuated valves'bei normal- If; held in su stantiallyclosed position while t e. engine is 0' rating at minimum speed andautomatica y moved toward open position as the engine 3 d increases,whereby air only is suppli theengine whenthe same is operated bymomentum with said throttle valve closed, a minimum prportion of fuel in'relation to air constitutes the combustible mixture when a'minimum loadis afplplied to the engine and the pro ortion of l in relation toair isincrease as the engine load increases until the desired maxicomprising amixin chamber, a

throttle valve therein, means or suppl ing fuel to said chamber, aplurality of con uits for supplying air to the mixing chamber,

, mum speed and automatical .sition as the spec mean one of saidconduits communicating with said-chamber between the throttle valve and.the discharge end of said chamber, and automatically actuated valves insaid conduits for varying the volume of air passing therethrough, saidautomaticall actuated valves being normally held m te stantially closedposition whilethe engine is operating at miniopen position as thespeedof the engine in creases whereby when the engine is operat -v ingat any speed above its'slowest speed and i V f the speed is decreaseddue toan'increase in load on engine the relative proportion of '80 fuelto'air' supplied theen'gine' will-beincreased.

.7. A carburetor for internal combustion,

chamber,a

engines,comprising a mix' throttlevalvetherem, means orisuppl mg fuel tosaid chamber, a pluralityofcon ju its for supplying air to the chamber,one of said conduits communicating with said chamber end and saidthrottle valve, and automatically actuatedwalves in" between its discharsaid conduits for .va ing the volume of air passing therethroug movedtowardsaid automatically.

actuated valves being norma ll held in a sub I stantially closedposition whi e the engine, is.-

operating at ;minimuni speed and" auto'-' maticall moved toward-openposition as the" s d o theengine increases whereby when t e engine isoperating at any speed below its highest-speed and the speed is.1ncreased due to a decrease .in load on engine the relative pro wi bedecreased.

rtion of fuel to air supplied the engine 8. In a device of the-classdescribed, a carburetor chamber, a plurality of air'conduits,

communicating therewithyautomatically ac-- tuated valves m said conduitsfor varying the area of said conduits at some point there,- i

moved toward open poof the engine increases and toward closed positionas the speed of the engine decreases, a throttlevalve, and a fuel supplymeans, said throttle valve and in, saidvalves beirtilg fuel supply meansbeinggpositioned intermediate -t e ints of communication of said'conduits'wi said chamber, whereby a substantial volume of leancombustible mixture is sup lied for each en 'neucharge when'the throttvalve is in nearly closed position and the fuel content of thecombustible mixture is relatively increased as the throttlevalve ismoved toward open position' toincreasethe load on the engine. a

9. A carburetor .for internal combustion engines, comprising "a mixingvchamber, a I

throttlevalve for controlling the passage of fluids from said chamber,an air pas'sa communicating with said chamber outward y of said thro evalve, an air passage com, with saidchamber inwardly of e valve, fuel suly means comsaid cham between the municatintgl said throt municatingwith last mentioned air p 1 and said throttle valve, automaticallyactuated valves in said air passages for varying the area thereof, andmeans for operatively connecting said 5 air passage valves, said airassage valves being normally yieldably hel in a substan- I tially closedposition when the engine is in- EDWARD G. HODGES.

